Ithini imiqathango yokuthunyelwa kwenqanawa kwindlu ngendlu?
Ukongeza kwimimiselo yokuthutha eqhelekileyo efana ne-EXW kunye ne-FOB,kwindlu ngendluukuhambisa ikwalukhetho oludumileyo kubathengi beSenghor Logistics. Phakathi kwazo, indlu ngendlu yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezintathu: DDU, DDP, kunye neDAP. Amagama ahlukeneyo akwahlula uxanduva lwamaqela ngokwahlukileyo.
Imiqathango ye-DDU (iMisebenzi eZiniweyo engahlawulwanga):
Inkcazo kunye nobungakanani boxanduva:Amagama e-DDU athetha ukuba umthengisi uhambisa iimpahla kumthengi kwindawo ekhethiweyo ngaphandle kokuhamba ngeenkqubo zokungenisa okanye ukukhulula iimpahla kwisithuthi sokuhambisa, oko kukuthi, ukuhanjiswa kugqityiwe. Kwinkonzo yokuthunyelwa kwendlu ngendlu, umthengisi uya kuthwala imithwalo kunye nomngcipheko wokuthumela iimpahla kwindawo echongiweyo yelizwe lokungenisa, kodwa iirhafu zokungenisa kunye nezinye iirhafu ziya kuthwala umthengi.
Umzekelo, xa umenzi wezixhobo zombane waseTshayina ethumela iimpahla kumthengii-USA, xa imimiselo ye-DDU yamkelwa, umenzi waseTshayina unoxanduva lokuthumela iimpahla ngolwandle kwindawo echongwe ngumthengi waseMelika (umenzi waseTshayina unokuphathisa umthengisi wempahla ukuba athathe uxanduva). Nangona kunjalo, umthengi waseMelika kufuneka ahambe ngeendlela zokukhutshwa kwezithethe kunye nokuhlawula iirhafu zokungenisa elizweni yedwa.
Umahluko kwi-DDP:Owona mahluko uphambili ulele kwiqela elinoxanduva lokucocwa kwempahla evela kumazwe angaphandle kunye namaxabiso. Ngaphantsi kwe-DDU, umthengi unoxanduva lokukhutshwa kwempahla kunye nokuhlawulwa kwemisebenzi, ngelixa phantsi kwe-DDP, umthengisi uthwala olu xanduva. Oku kwenza ukuba i-DDU ifaneleke ngakumbi xa abanye abathengi befuna ukulawula inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwempahla yokungenisa elizweni ngokwabo okanye beneemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokukhutshwa kwezithethe. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-Express nako kunokuqwalaselwa njengenkonzo ye-DDU ukuya kumlinganiselo othile, kunye nabathengi abathumela iimpahla ngenqanawauloyiko lomoya or imithwalo elwandlekhetha rhoqo inkonzo ye-DDU.
IMigaqo ye-DDP (eZinisiweyo eziHlawulweyo):
Inkcazo kunye nomda woxanduva:I-DDP imele i-Delivered Duty Paid. Eli gama lichaza ukuba umthengisi unoxanduva olukhulu kwaye kufuneka ahambise iimpahla kwindawo yomthengi (efana nomzi-mveliso womthengi okanye uthutho okanye indawo yokugcina impahla) kwaye ahlawule zonke iindleko, kubandakanywa iirhafu kunye neerhafu. Umthengisi unoxanduva lwazo zonke iindleko kunye nemingcipheko yokuthuthwa kwempahla kwindawo yomthengi, kubandakanywa imisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokungenisa, iirhafu kunye nokukhutshwa kwempahla. Umthengi unoxanduva oluncinci njengoko efuna ukufumana iimpahla kuphela kwindawo ekuvunyelwene ngayo.
Umzekelo, umthengisi wecandelo lemoto waseTshayina uthumela iinqanawa ukuyaUKinkampani yokungenisa elizweni. Xa usebenzisa imigaqo ye-DDP, umthengisi waseTshayina unoxanduva lokuthumela iimpahla ezivela kwi-factory yaseTshayina kwindawo yokugcina impahla yomthengisi wase-UK, kuquka ukuhlawula imisebenzi yokungenisa e-UK kunye nokugqiba zonke iinkqubo zokungenisa. (Abathumeli abavela kumazwe angaphandle kunye nabathumela ngaphandle banokuphathisa abathumeli bempahla ukuba bayigqibe.)
I-DDP inenzuzo kakhulu kubathengi abakhetha amava angenangxaki ngenxa yokuba abafuni ukujongana namasiko okanye iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, abathengisi kufuneka baqaphele imimiselo yokungenisa kunye neentlawulo kwilizwe lomthengi ukuphepha imirhumo engalindelekanga.
I-DAP (Isiwa kwindawo):
Inkcazo kunye nomda woxanduva:I-DAP imele "Isiwa kwindawo." Ngaphantsi kweli xesha, umthengisi unoxanduva lokuthumela iimpahla kwindawo ekhankanyiweyo, de iimpahla zifumaneke ukuze zithulwe ngumthengi kwindawo echongiweyo (efana nomnyango wendlu yokugcina impahla). Kodwa umthengi unoxanduva lwemisebenzi yokungenisa kunye neerhafu. Umthengisi kufuneka alungiselele ukuthuthwa ukuya kwindawo ekuvunyelwene ngayo kwaye athwale zonke iindleko kunye neengozi de iimpahla zifike kuloo ndawo. Umthengi unoxanduva lokuhlawula nayiphi na imisebenzi yokungenisa elizweni, iirhafu, kunye nemirhumo yokucoca amasiko xa uthutho lufikile.
Umzekelo, umthengisi wefenitshala waseTshayina usayina isivumelwano seDAP kunye neeKhanadaongenisa ngaphandle. Emva koko umthengisi waseTshayina kufuneka abe noxanduva lokuthumela ifenitshala kwifektri yaseTshayina ngolwandle ukuya kwindawo yokugcina impahla ekhethwe ngumthengisi waseCanada.
I-DAP yindawo ephakathi phakathi kwe-DDU kunye ne-DDP. Ivumela abathengisi ukuba balawule ukuhanjiswa kwempahla ngelixa benika abathengi ukulawula inkqubo yokungenisa elizweni. Amashishini afuna ulawulo oluthile kwiindleko zokungenisa elizweni adla ngokukhetha eli xesha.
Uxanduva losulelo kwimpahla ekhoyo:Umthengisi unoxanduva lokukhutshwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle, kwaye umthengi unoxanduva lokufumana imvume yokungena kweli lizwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa uthumela ngaphandle kwizibuko laseTshayina, umthengisi kufuneka ahambe kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokuthumela ngaphandle; kwaye xa iimpahla zifika kwizibuko laseKhanada, umthengisi unoxanduva lokugqiba iinkqubo zokukhutshwa kwempahla, ezifana nokuhlawula iirhafu zokungenisa kunye nokufumana iilayisensi zokungenisa elizweni.
Le migaqo mithathu ingentla yendlu ngendlu yokuthumela ngenqanawe ingaphathwa ngabathumeli bempahla, ekwayinto ebalulekileyo yokuthunyelwa kwethu kwempahla:ukunceda abarhwebi kunye nabathumela ngaphandle bahlule uxanduva lwabo kunye nokuhambisa iimpahla kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo ngexesha kwaye ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-03-2024
